Sergei Kozhemyaka, Anna Krupenchenko
Selection of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Reinforcement Technology
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Methods developed on the basis of technical feasibility and cost-effectiveness and ensuring safe operation are used to strengthen structures. The article discusses the most common methods of reinforcing hollow-core and monolithic reinforced concrete floor slabs. Alternative method of reinforcing reinforced concrete slabs is presented, its advantages and disadvantages are also presented. The technology, advantages and disadvantages of the method of external reinforcement based on composite materials are described. In the course of the study, the reinforcement options were compared according to the following indicators of local estimates: the labor intensity of the reinforcement device, the estimated cost, the wages of workers, the cost of materials, products and structures. Based on technical and economic indicators, as a result of comparing the options for strengthening the floor slabs (under equal conditions), a conclusion was made about the most economical type of reinforcement.
Key words: reinforcement, shotcrete, composite materials, carbon fiber, canvas, laminates, adhesive, reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures.
Denis Belov, Maksim Kleshchev
Features of Technology of Concreting by the Self-Packing Concrete of Steel Reinforce-Concrete Columns
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. In this article new technology of concreting of steel reinforce-concrete columns is offered with the use of self-packing concrete, that allows to shorten lab our intensiveness of concreting at erection of monolithic steel reinforce-concrete of vertical constructions. The device of the applied framework system, principle of its work and technology of concreting of steel reinforce-concrete columns, is shown. Description over of equipment is brought for implementation of works by means of the offered method. The technology of work and the advantages of a new technological solution for the construction of monolithic steel-reinforced concrete columns are highlighted. A list over of works and measures, necessary for erection of monolithic columns, is brought. The stages of device of columns are illuminated in detail with the use of this technology and facilities of mechanization. The necessary equipment and special auxiliary means for the production of works are presented. The variants of model cross runners of steel reinforce-concrete columns are given. The analysis of technical and economic indicators is carried out to identify the optimal solution for the construction of steel-reinforced concrete vertical structures of various functional purposes.
Key words: columns, steel-reinforced concrete structures, rigid external reinforcement, self-sealing concrete, rotary pump.
Anatoliy Yugov, Elena Grigorenko
Traverse for Mounting the Upper Blocks of the 150 m High Steel Exhaust Tower
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The issue of choosing and calculating the rigging equipment used in the installation of metal structures can be solved using graphical and analytical methods for determining forces. This will allow you to use the technical characteristics of the specified lifting and transport equipment and avoid mistakes when using it. Lifting and safe movement of bulky loads using a single hook of an overhead crane or a crane beam is dangerous in many cases due to possible slipping of the sling or grabbing from the hook socket. In these situations, various lifting traverses are used, which are an intermediate device between the hook and the load. The variety of building structures in overall dimensions, shapes and weights led to the manufacture of load-lifting traverse directly by individual construction and installation organizations, which led to their different constructive implementation. With the help of a traverse, you can significantly expand the capabilities of a crane. They allow you to save money, resources and time, which makes the work more efficient.
Key words: rigging equipment, installation, traverse, rope, slings.
Viktoriia Mazur a, Maria Chayka a, Alexander Barmotin b, Oleg Profatilo a
Aerodynamic Coefficients for Frameless Arched Coverings of Rounded Shape
a Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, b Donetsk Design and Research Institute of Transport «DONZHELDORPROEKT»
Abstract. A rational option for the insulation of frameless arched coverings is an option consisting of two layers of a cold-curved arch profile, a thermal insulation layer and a ventilated air layer located between them. To obtain the standard air flow velocity in the ventilated layer, it is necessary to determine the speed of the external wind flow at the entrance to the vent. The paper performs numerical simulation of wind flow pressure on frameless arched coverings acting at different angles of attack. As a result, the flow trajectories of arched coverings and patterns of distribution of relative wind pressure over their surface are obtained. Based on the obtained data, the regularities of changes in aerodynamic coefficients are established, taking into account changes in the design parameters of frameless arched coverings and the angles of attack of the incoming wind flow. Schemes of distribution of aerodynamic coefficients are constructed. The obtained values of aerodynamic coefficients exceed the values recommended by the standards, selected for vaulted buildings and coatings close to them in outline. Further research is needed to refine the obtained data.
Key words: frameless arched covering, wind flow, angle of attack, numerical modeling, aerodynamic coefficients.
Anna Ihno, Anna Krupenchenko, Valentina Taran
Technological Solutions for the Installation of Electric «Underfloor Heating» Systems Based on a Heating Cable
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The work is devoted to improving the efficiency of electric floor heating by choosing rational technological solutions. Comparative characteristics of various systems are presented. The factors influencing the choice of the «Underfloor Heating» system and the methods of choosing rational organizational and technological solutions have been determined. On the basis of the study of the technological structure and methods of electric underfloor heating, the main methods of installing the «Underfloor Heating» system based on a heating cable have been identified. Research has been carried out on the choice of a manufacturer of electric underfloor heating systems based on the definition of the «generalized» indicator «Кgen» with the given selection criteria and their ranking according to their importance. Reduction of electricity consumption during the operation of the electric «Underfloor Heating» system due to the use of a system for regulating the parameters of the thermal regime has been proved. A comparative analysis of the cost of electricity consumption by the under floor heating system, depending on the presence of a thermostat for all groups of consumers, has been carried out. The economic justification of the reduction of labor costs and the reduction of the cost of the «Underfloor Heating» device according to a rationally justified method has been carried out. The technical and economic indicators of the «Underfloor Heating» device were obtained according to a rationally substantiated method for a typical floor of a sanatorium building with a heating area of 40 m2 with a total area of 80.6 m2 of flooring in sanitary premises of residential rooms.
Key words: energy efficiency, heating section, electric cable, thermal conditions, thermal expansion, screed, expansion joint, selection criteria, technical and economic indicators.
Valentina Тaran, Dmitrii Aleinik, Anastasia Shamrilyuk
Ways to Reduce the Duration of the Construction of Frame-Monolithic Buildings
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Reducing the duration of the construction of frame-monolithic buildings is currently an urgent task. To make the most technologically advanced decision, it is necessary to perform a comparison for each of the processes that make up the totality of work at the construction site. The main types of reinforcement of monolithic floors, types of formwork systems for the construction of a typical floor of buildings from monolithic reinforced concrete are considered, a set of works performed at the construction site for each of the constituent processes is presented. A comparison was made of the labor intensity in terms of the main type of supply of reinforcement products to the mounting horizon per 100 m2 of monolithic overlap. Comparison of labor intensity for the main types of formwork systems is presented. The choice of the most technologically advanced type of reinforcement and formwork systems will depend on the total labor intensity according to one of the criteria: the duration of reinforcement and formwork work, the duration of transport processes.
Key words: reinforcement, formwork, monolithic overlap, labor intensity, duration.
Victoriia Mazur, Stepan Gomenyuk
Prediction of the Main Technical and Economic Indicators of Repair of Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Shells of Industrial Chimneys
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Practically at all industrial enterprises where monolithic reinforced concrete industrial chimneys are operated, the problem of periodic repairs of their shells is acute. The applied technologies in combination with the need to use a limited number of means of drawing lead to a significant increase not only in the cost of repair work, but also in the duration of their execution. The paper highlights the main parameters affecting the technical and economic indicators of the repair of monolithic shells, it also analyzes the height of the trunks of monolithic chimneys in operation, and identifies factors complicating the work. Graphs of the dependencies of the main technical and economic indicators of repair and the use of means of drawing on the main design parameters of monolithic chimneys are obtained, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of work and reduce labor and material costs during repair work.
Key words: industrial chimneys, monolithic reinforced concrete shell, defects and damages, design characteristics, technical and economic indicators, technological design.
Elena Kalmykova
The Principle of Operation and Installation Technology of the Bag Filter Housing of the Blast Furnace
SPEI «Makeyevka Polytechnic College»
Abstract. The article describes the technology of assembling the metal structures of the blast furnace bag filter housing. The historical facts about the invention of the baghouse filter are given. The principle of operation of the baghouse filter is presented and a description of the design is given. A schematic diagram of a baghouse filter, technical characteristics and efficiency of its operation are presented. The article reflects the sequence of preparatory work before the start of the main construction and installation work, it also presents fragments of the flow chart for installation work in the form of flow diagrams and sections. The stages of installation of the blast furnace bag filter housing are indicated, namely, installation of support belt structures with bins, installation of walls filter, installation of regeneration units. At all stages of installation, pre-assembly of metal structures is provided. The assembly of the enlarged blocks is carried out using the MKG.S-100.1 jib crane.
Key words: baghouse filter, enlarged assembly, filter installation, regeneration.
Pavel Solovej, Anatoly Perevarjuha
Determination of the Sag Boom by a Theodolite Installed in the Plane of the Drawbar
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article provides a method for determining the sag of the guy wires of antenna-mast structures located in the cramped conditions of construction and operation (continuous development, continuous movement of working trains, thickets of trees and bushes, etc.). In such difficult conditions, it is proposed to determine the sag arrow using an optical theodolite installed at a certain distance from the anchor foundation in the guy plane. The working formulas for calculating the sag stele are given. To accelerate the determination of the guy sag, a device has been proposed that allows the theodolite to be installed near the anchor so that the axis of rotation of its telescope is quickly located at a distance equal to the guy sag arrow, which reduces the time of work.
Key words: sag boom, antenna-mast structures, guy ropes, methodology.
Michail Lobov, Tatyana Morozova, Oksana Voloshchuk
Methodology for Calculating the Accuracy of Geodetic Work in the Construction of Complex and Unique Constructions
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Multi-storey precast and monolithic buildings, unique structures are characterized by high requirements for the accuracy of construction and installation work. A special place in construction, in addition to center work, is occupied by geodetic work on the installation and control of the installation of structural building elements of the building. The justification of the accuracy of geodetic works in the construction of complex and unique structures depends on the methods of calculation of structures and construction technology, of which geodetic works are an integral part. The article analyzes the factors influencing the accuracy of geodetic works during the construction of unique buildings and structures, which largely determine the deviations of the geometric parameters of the structure from their design values. An algorithm is proposed for calculating the accuracy of geodetic works by using the principle of negligible influence of errors in the installation of complex and unique structures, as well as precision or unique equipment.
Key words: calculation of geodetic accuracy, standard deviation, systematic errors.
Tatyana Lutskо, Alexander Kondrykinsky, Sergei Tishchenko
On the Issue of Determining the Rational Parameters of the Metal Structure of the Bridge Crane Superstructure
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article considers the issue of reducing the metal consumption of the bridge crane metal structure while providing a given load capacity. The KM-32 overhead crane with a lifting capacity of 32 tons and a span of 16.5 m was adopted as the object of research. The following modernization of the crane bridge is proposed: to strengthen the metal structures of the main beams of the superstructure by introducing additional external longitudinal stiffeners while reducing the thickness of the vertical diaphragms, which reduces the weight of the bridge by 4 %. Based on the numerical analysis of the stress-strain state of the basic and upgraded bridge structure in the Kompas – 3D APM FEM: «Strength Analysis» software environment, the greatest stress concentrations and maximum deflections of bridges were established, and the masses of the bridge structures under consideration were determined. The dependence of the increase in the mass of the main beam of the crane superstructure with an increase in the height of the cross-section of the main beam compared with the optimal height is established.
Key words: diaphragm, bridge crane, mass, metal structure, stress-strain state, deflection, stiffeners.
Tamara Chernysheva
The Use of Noise-Proof Design Solutions to Improve the Acoustic Regime in Administrative and Office Premises
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article is devoted to the problem of creating industrial comfort in administrative and office premises, which is inextricably linked with two aspects of architectural and construction acoustics: the creation of a comfortable acoustic environment in working rooms and ensuring information security of executive offices and meeting rooms. The acoustic mode in administrative and office premises mainly depends on the sound-proofing qualities of their enclosing structures and is characterized by the actual total noise level in the building. Based on the results of the analysis of the conducted research, it was found that the reasons for the decrease in the sound insulation characteristics of partitions between office premises are low own sound insulation, the presence of workarounds for sound propagation. In order to improve the acoustic regime in administrative and office premises, it is recommended to implement a set of noise-proof design solutions.
Key words: acoustic mode, noise, noise-proof design solutions, sound-proof partitions.