Valeriy Bratchun a, Anastasia Zagorodnyaya b, Vitaliy Bespalov a,
Evgeny Romasyuk a
On Complex Modification of Asphalt Concrete Microstructure by Divinyl-Styrene Thermoelastoplastic
a Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture,
b SEI LPR «Lugansk National Agrarian University»
Abstract. Comparative analysis of solubility parameters of group components of bitumen and polymers-modifier – СКMС-30, DСТ-30-01 was carried out. Using experimental-statistical method of experiment planning mathematical models of physical and mechanical properties of bitumen-polymer binders are obtained, which allow to optimize compositions and predict properties of asphalt concrete. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method, dispersed structures in bitumopolymerseric binder are studied. IR spectroscopy results suggest that a layer of structured butadiene-methylstyrene rubber and divinyl-styrene copolymer on the mineral powder surface improves wetting with its binder and provides stronger intermolecular interaction at the interface. It has been found that the compaction temperature range of the asphalt polymer perobetone mixtures is 70 to 130 °С; Average energy consumption per increment of density unit of asphalt concrete mixtures with complex-modified microstructure is
0.81 J·m3/kg.
Key words: bitumen-polymer binder, divinyl-styrene copolymer, butadiene-methyl-styrene rubber, experiment planning, differential scanning calorimetry, IR spectroscopy, temperature interval sealability.
Yuriy Kochergin, Viktoriya Zolotareva
Research of Composite Materials Based on Diglycyl Diphenylolmethane Derivatives
State Organization of Higher Professional Education «Mikhail Turgan-Baranovsky Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade»
Abstract. A comparative study of the properties of epoxy composite materials based on diphenylolmethane and diphenylopropane is carried out. It was established that diphenylolmethane-based polymers are superior to diphenylolpropane-based analogues in terms of tensile strength, tensile deformation, water resistance, shear and tear adhesion at close values of heat resistance and elastic modulus. The observed effect is due to anti-plasticization as a result of the interaction of the polar groups of the polymer and the anti-plasticizer, the function of which is performed by the unreacted parts of the epoxy resin and hardener. In a wide range of concentrations, the effect of modifying additives of polytetramethylene ether glycol and oligodimethylsiloxane rubber SKTN on the deformation-strength and adhesive properties of polymers based on epoxidized diphenylolmethane derivatives was studied. It is established that the concentration dependences of tensile strength, deformation at break and the work of fracture of the material are extreme. In the region of low concentrations, maxima are observed whose intensity and position depend on the chemical nature of the modifiers and the curing regime of the composition. For samples cured without external heat supply, the hardening effect is more pronounced in comparison with heat-treated samples.
Key words: diglycidyl ethers of diphenylolmethane and diphenylolpropane, hardener, epoxy composite material, physicomechanical and adhesive properties.
Antonina Nazarova a, Viktor Bugaev b, Denis Kovalenko b
Operational Properties of Heavy Concrete with an Expanding Component Based on Industrial Waste
a SEI HPE LPR Lugansk National University V. Dahl», b SEI LPR «Lugansk National Agrarian University»
Abstract. The article presents the results of studies of the effect of a modifier based on silica fume, a superplasticizer based on polycarboxylate ether, expanding additives based on industrial waste and the shrinkage reducing admixture SRA on the properties of concrete mixtures and concrete. The effect of the complex modifier on the compressive strength of concrete aged 7, 28, and 90 days of normal hardening was investigated. The data on the influence of the developed modifier on the indicators of moisture shrinkage deformation of concrete are analyzed. Data on the effect on frost resistance and water tightness of heavy cement concrete with expanding mineral additives are obtained.
Key words: concrete durability, shrinkage deformations, expanding additives, shrinkage reducing admixture SRA, compressive strength, frost resistance, water resistance.
Vitaliy Yurchenko
Expediency Of Production Of Composite Materials Based On Waste Of Wood And Thermoplastic Polymers
State Educational Institution Higher Vocational Education «Donetsk Railway Transport Institute»
Abstract. This article provides a literature analysis of studies and publications on composite materials using wood wastes and thermoplastic polymers, formulates problems of processing wood materials, goals and research methods, considers the main components of thermoplastic wood-polymer composites, such as particles of crushed wood; thermoplastic polymer; a complex of special modifying additives. The main methods for solving the problem of combining economic, technological and environmental requirements for binders are analyzed and proposed. The requirements are established for the composition of the developed thermosetting wood-polymer composites, as well as for wood fillers in the form of a mixture of different fractions, secondary thermoplastic polymers, modifying additives – binders, such as flame retardants, stabilizers, organosilanes and other components.
Key words: wood waste, secondary polymer material, composite material.
Konstantin Guba
About Expediency of Reuse of Old Asphalt Concrete
Donetsk National Technical University
Abstract. Incomplete financing of the road industry leads to the search for new opportunities for the use of secondary materials and waste that are formed during the repair of road clothing and road surfaces. The use of these materials will save new expensive building material, as well as solve the problem of waste disposal during repairs. Every year, a million tons of old asphalt concrete are removed when repairing roads. Studies have shown the possibility of its use as a basic material in the preparation of new mixtures and repair work of the road surface of roads and city streets. Transport and operational properties of coatings repaired with the use of old milled asphalt concrete show compliance with regulatory requirements.
Key words: asphalt concrete, milling, granulometric composition, asphalt granulate.
Mykola Zaichenko, Sergey Lakhtaryina, Nikolay Gavrilchenko, Yana Isaeva
Optimization of the Composition of Fine-Grained Concretes using Waste from the Donbas Industry
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The composition of fine-grained concrete with an organic-mineral modifier (OMM) based by agglomerated wetsilicafumefromtheStakhanovferroalloyplant, crushing limestone from the Dokuchaevsk flux-dolomite plant, and also with C-3 superplasticizer based on polycondensate of sulfonated naphthalene-formaldehydetothe concrete compressive strength at design age was optimizedby using a full three-factor experiment with variation levels of –1, 0, +1. The mix compositions of fine-grained concrete with the use of industrial waste from the Donbas characterized by a compressive strength of at least 30 MPa at design age have been developed.
Key words: slump, crushing limestone, organic-mineral modifier, superplasticizer.
Valery Bratchun, Vyacheslav Zhevanov, Evgeny Romasyuk
On The Regularities Of Forming The Structure And Properties Of Asphalt Slag Concrete Preparated On Liquid Bitumen Modified with Latex Butonal NS 198
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Scientifically substantiated technological solutions are formulated for producing resource-efficient and technologically advanced asphalt-polymer-slag-concrete mixtures and high-durability asphalt-polymer-slag-concrete, which consist in establishing the general laws of formation of the structure of asphalt-polymer-slag-concrete when the Butonal NS 198 latex is modified with oil road bitumen and mineral sand (gravel) is used as mineral materials screening crushing dump open-hearth slag activated hydrated lime in order to obtain a durable composite material. Theoretically, the optimal ratio of components in the investigated asphalt slag concrete is substantiated, in which the optimal structure of cold asphalt slag concrete is formed, which is represented by a rational ratio of interpenetrating coagulation and condensation-crystallization microstructures.
Key words: asphalt-polymer-slag concrete, structure, properties, patterns of structure formation.
Vitaly Bespalov, Eldar GabidylIn, Vladislav Kichigin, Andrey Kuzminykh,
Alexander Dzyba, Yaroslav Novikov
On The Use of Industrial Waste in the Composition of Modified Asphalt Concrete
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The expediency of use as a mineral powder modified asphalt concrete sludge neutralization stations steel wire – rope plants (SNS) subjected to the surface activation of the polymer containing epoxy resins production waste (PCER), to reduce the dependency of material and raw material resources of road-building organizations. The use of secondary material resources will improve environmental safety due to the reduction of storage space for solid and liquid industrial wastes, and reduce the costs of their maintenance. The physical – chemical properties and SNS PCER. Optimized formulations of modified asphalt concrete and studied their physical – chemical properties. It is found that asphalt compositions designed polymer concrete mixtures characterized by high density in the temperature range 70…130 °C, and concrete – high shear resistance at high temperature positive (notional rigidity at 60 °C 4,6…5,9 kN/mm) high-density, long-term water resistance and atmospheric resistance.
Key words: industrial waste, mineral powder, modified asphalt concrete.
Nina Nagornaya, Valentina Kibzun
Demoscopic Estimation of Coating Materials on the Market s Donetska
State Organization of Higher Professional Education «Mikhail Turgan-Baranovsky Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade»
Abstract. Demoscopic assessment of roofing materials in the market of Donetsk. The relevance of the topic is that the construction industry is developing rapidly, every day there are new technologies and products for all stages of construction. The roof for any building is the most important structural element. The article conducted a demoscopic assessment of the range of modern roofing materials entering the construction market of Donetsk and studied their consumer properties. It also provides the basic principles that must be followed when choosing a roofing material and segmented price niches taking into account modern and competitive materials for roof roofs.
Key words: roofing materials, properties, assortment, market.
Valery Bratchun, Vitaly Bespalov, Anatoliy Dolya, Valentin Demeschkin,
Nikita Leonov
About the Influence of Activation of Inter-Phase Contact in the Organic Binding System – Mineral Powder Surface on the Properties of Asphalt Concrete
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Based on the methodology of a systematic analysis of the proposed physicochemical models of modified asphalt binders and asphalt concrete using experimental – statistical descriptions, new scientifically based technological solutions have been developed and implemented to produce complex – modified hot, cast and crushed stone – mastic asphalt and concrete mixtures for the construction of non-rigid road coatings clothes of high roads with increased durability, able to withstand rutting, fatigue fracture, fracture toughness and thermal oxidation. A complex modification of organic binders with polymers thermo-dynamically compatible with oil road bitumen was performed: SKMS-30 butadiene methyl styrene rubber together with technical sulfur; ethyleneglycidylacrylate Elwala AM with a catalyst for structuring supramolecular formations of high molecular weight substances – polyphosphoric acid PFK-105. The for-mation of a spatial polymer network in bitumen with the estimated number of nodes and kinetically flexible chains of macromolecules and supramolecular formations with the simultaneous surface activation of asphalt concrete mixtures with oligomers or polymers of mineral materials was established.
Key words: asphalt concrete, oil road bitumen, organic binder, deformation and strength properties, fatigue life.
Vladislav Goryainov, Vladimir Kotlyarov, Vladislav Kulikov
Influence of Butonal NS198 Cation Latex on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fine Grain Asphalt Concrete
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Asphalt concrete pavements of roads during their operation are subjected to physical, chemical and atmospheric influences. Due to the influence of external factors, pavement is destroyed, which entails the need for repairs, reduces road safety, and also reduces the estimated service life of pavements, which often does not meet the requirements of regulatory documents. To improve the quality of asphalt concrete, modifiers are introduced into the oil bitumen that can improve the properties of asphalt concrete and allow to increase the operational life of the pavement. It was determined that the most effective type of modifiers are thermoplastic elastomers. This article discusses the effect on the physical and mechanical properties of fine-grained asphalt concrete of one of such modifiers: Butonal NS198 cationic latex.
Key words: asphalt concrete, bitumen, «Butonal NS198», pavement, road surface.
Olga Shevchenko a, Zinaida Malinina a, Yuriy Malinin b
Investigation of the Relationship of the Electronic Structure of a Benzylideneaniline Molecule with its Spectral Characteristics
a Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, b Donetsk Regional Clinical Territorial Medical Association
Abstract. In this work an attempt had been made to link the electron structure of the benzylideneaniline molecule to its spectral characteristics and to make possible using the findings to interpret the effect of the changes in the electron structure of the molecule (e.g. the introduction of substitutes) on the position of absorption bands in the UV spectrum. This part of the work provides an opportunity for purposeful substitutes’ introducing into the benzylideneaniline molecule in order to expand the color range of azomethine dyes for concrete. On the other hand, the change in the electron structure has an effect on the complexing properties of azomethine, contributing to the introduction or removal of the n-electrons of the nitrogen atom of the azomethine group from the coupling chain. To solve these problems, the lowest singlet-singlet transitions in the benzylideneaniline molecule and its protonated form were calculated.
Key words: substitute, singlet-singlet transition, singlet-triplet transition, change in the distribution of electron density, electronic charges, excited state, localization numbers.
Victoria Mazur, Elena Novitskaya
Design Features of the Device of an Internal Heat-Insulating Contour from a Sandwich Panels for Muildings of Indoor Pools
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Improvement of regulatory requirements for the design of thermal insulation of buildings has led to the fact that currently it is necessary to modernize existing and change the classic design solutions of indoor swimming pools to increase their energy efficiency. The internal heat-insulating circuit allows protecting walling from the negative influence of increased humidity coming from the room of the bathroom, and also reduces the energy consumption to maintain comfortable conditions in the bathroom of the hall of indoor swimming pools. The design features of the device of the internal heat-insulating circuit of the sandwich panels for buildings of indoor pools are considered, and the main structural units are developed.
Key words: envelopes structures, buildings of indoor pools, internal thermal insulation loop, sandwich panels, structural solutions.
Tatyana Kitsenko, Daria Omelyanovich
Use of Large Aggregate from Concrete Scrap in Heavy Concrete
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The results of studies on the use of heavy concrete scrap in construction are presented. The main indicators of quality of crushed stone received by crushing of scrap of concretes are defined. It is established that the indicators of the received crushed stone from concrete scrap satisfy the requirements of normative documents and allow to use technogenic concrete repeatedly. The properties of heavy concretes with different content of concrete scrap as a large aggregate are investigated. Concrete scrap aggregate can be used in concrete of class B22, 5 (in accordance with the M600 grade for crushing capacity), up to 60% replacing natural mineral materials with secondary ones. It is shown that the introduction of concrete scrap makes it possible to obtain concretes whose properties are comparable to traditional concretes using granite rubble. The use of heavy concrete scrap will allow you to switch to a virtually waste-free technology for the production of reinforced concrete structures.
Key words: concrete, heavy concrete scrap, crushed stone, secondary aggregate, crushing, strength.
Helen Samojlova, Andrey Аnаnyev
Development of a Method for Cleaning Gas Emissions in the Production of Gas Separating Elements
Donbas National Academy of Construction and Architecture
Abstract. Epoxy resins and materials based on them are increasingly used in various sectors of the national economy – in mechanical engineering, automotive industry, construction, production of gas separation elements, etc. due to the constant increase in the production of epoxy resins and materials based on them, the urgency of the problem of neutralization of gas emissions generated during their production increases. The choice of the optimal method for cleaning gas emissions depends on many factors, the main of which are the composition and concentration of harmful components in the emissions, and the volume of emissions. In the process experimental studies of method of cleaning of gas extrass of production of gazdivision elements, on the experience-industrial setting of TKDS-0,75 in the conditions of anexperience workshop of SE «State Research Institute of plastics». As a result of research the method of the temprecher catalytic rendering of gas extrass of production of gazdivision elements harmless is worked out. Degree of cleaning of gas extras 98±1 %.
Key words: epichlоrgidrin, toluene, cleaning of gas extras, catalyst, oxidization of catalyst.
Anatoly Dolya, Maxim Karabelsky, Nikita Kononenko, Andrei Savenkov,
Indira Kayumova
Frost Resistance of Asphalt Concrete Under the Climatic Conditions of Donbass
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is well known that road pavements made of asphalt concrete work in difficult climatic conditions, and in some cases this factor plays the decisive role to the maximum extent when alternating positive and negative temperatures affect the car surface, which negatively affects the strength characteristics of the coating layers and bearing capacity pavement in general. In the climatic conditions of Donbass, where the number of transitions of the outdoor temperature through 0 °С is quite high in the autumn-winter-spring period, knowledge of the peculiarities of the influence of this indicator is always relevant. Based on a brief critical analysis of publications on the topic of the article, specific tasks are set for research. The dependencies are given: – the time of acquisition by the asphalt concrete of fine-grained and sandy types in a water-saturated and dry state of the freezing temperature from a given temperature; – tensile strength of asphalt concrete from the freezing temperature and the number of freeze-thaw cycles. The optimum freezing temperatures of asphalt concrete and the freezing time were determined.
Key words: asphalt concrete, tensile strength, temperature of freezing, sedimentary and igneous rocks.
Valery Aleksandrov, Olga AleКsandrova, Oksana Sobol, Aleksandr Sobolev
Single-Factor Dispersion Analysis of Salt Solutions – Chemical Anti-Ice Reagents
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. As is known, the main ways to combat winter slippery are heat, friction, mechanical, chemical and combined. Currently, the most effective way to eliminate winter slippery is the chemical, which is based on the distribution of anti-ice reagents (AIR). In this work, a single-factor dispersion assay was used to determine the best composition to meet all the requirements for anti-ice reagents. The basic idea of single-factor dispersion analysis is to compare the variance of the test feature caused by the action of the factor with the variance of errors of measurement of that feature. Based on the single-factor dispersion analysis carried out, the most effective for ice control is the eutectic composition of the sodium nitrate-water system.
Key words: road surface, anti-ice reagents, saline, eutectic, single-factor dispersion analysis.
Oleg Pshenichnyh, Dmitriy Skorik
Experience of Application of Dispersed-Reinforced Asphalt Concrete in Road Construction
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article gives comparative results of foreign and domestic studies of traditional and dispersively reinforced asphalt concrete using synthetic fiber fibers with an assessment of the main physical, mechanical and deformation-strength indicators. The basic technical characteristics of various types of fibers used at present for the production of composite building materials are also shown. It is shown that due to dispersed reinforcement, the shear resistance at positive temperatures is increased by 20 %, the rate of crack formation at negative temperatures is reduced, the adhesive bond between the dispersed reinforcement formed in the composition of the asphalt mix and the bitumen film is improved. The introduction of synthetic fibers with an optimally selected composition of asphalt concrete allows to increase the dynamic modulus of elasticity and static plasticity of the material, which leads to an increase in the service life of asphalt concrete pavements.
Key words: asphalt concrete, reinforcement, fiberglass, properties of reinforced asphalt concrete.
Vita Martynova a, Elena Egorova a, Karina Korchagina a, Daria Danilova a,
Anastasia Paramonova b
Study of the Influence of Styrene-Acrylic Dispersion on the Physic-Mechanical Properties of Cement-Sand Mortars
a Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, b Lugansk National Agrarian University
Abstract. The effect of styrene-acrylic dispersion on the mobility indices of cement-sand mortar mixtures and the values of the mechanical properties of cement-sand mortars are studied. The dependence of the characteristics of the cement-sand mortar mixture and mortar on the concentration introduced into the composition of the dispersion is given. It was found that the introduction of styrene-acrylic dispersion significantly increases the strength characteristics of solutions at the age of 28 days of standard hardening. When using a fine aggregate of reduced quality in a mixture, in particular, with a high content of dusty clay particles, a significant increase in the tensile strength in bending by 54 and 43.8 % when using high-quality fine aggregate is noted. The value of compressive strength is increased by 30.3 % when using washed aggregate; when using a filler of reduced quality, a change in the value of the compressive strength is not fixed.
Key words: slump, strength, cement-sand mortar, styrene-acrylic dispersion.
Yevgeniy Zhytnikov, Dmitrii Stepanov, Maxim Ponomarev, Denis Boroday
Rigid Pavement Structures with Cement Concrete Pavement for Public Roads in the Donbass
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper analyzes the problem of achieving the service life of the pavements of public roads between repairs in the amount of 12 years and the period between rehabilitations – 24 years. The main problems and possibilities of using rigid pavement with cement concrete layers are considered. The list of local stone materials, as well as industrial waste from the Donbas, which can be used in road construction at the current time, is determined. Variants of the construction of rigid pavements for a design load of 115 kN using local stone materials at the road base are proposed. The influence of the elastic modulus on the required minimum thickness of the base layer in the structures of rigid road pavements of public roads of all technical categories is investigated.
Key words: service life, public roads, rigid pavement, road base, pavement, local stone materials.
Viktor Levchenko, Nicolai Nevgen, Tamara Vinogradova,
Vera Vegner
Operational Specifications for the Design of Industrial Buildings, Technical and Economic Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Structures of Buildings at the Design Stage
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is a well known fact that the wear of industrial buildings leads not only to increasing of productivity labour expenditure, financial resources, material and operation life, but also to raising of capital investments in new construction for restoration of damaged buildings. The production practice in industrial buildings construction is multivarious, and there fore, operational specifications must always be concrete and specific. However, there are some general specifications for all organizations. The great importance in the building complex construction is given to improving of project design and estimating, further improving the quality of projects, as well as to the technical and economic evaluation of reinforced concrete structures of buildings at the design stage. So, how the technical and economic levels, the progressiveness of manufactured products, reduction of their material and labor consumption, resources conservation, as well as the effectiveness of capital investments in the majority of cases depend on it. Reducing of material consumption in the process of construction is a huge and complex issue, the implementation of which provides a radical increase in the efficiency of construction and capital investments in general. The technical and economic assessment and selection of the best option for reinforced concrete structures usage in buildings should be based on a comprehensive analysis of its natural value.
Key words: efficiency, comparability, optimization, cost, specific capital investments.
Valery Aleksandrov, Alexander Zhiboedov, Nataliya Shchebetovskaya
Questioning of Applicants for the Organization of Career Guidance
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. In this paper, the relevance of career guidance at the present stage is described; main problems that prevent full-fledged career guidance; the basic principles of its activation and development, which will guide the organizations participating in this program; set goals and objectives of the career guidance program. The main directions of educational and career guidance activities and the stages in the work on vocational counseling are identified, the criteria for effective career guidance are identified. Information on the specialties is given in full: the direction of training (profile, specialty), the duration and form of training, competitive subjects; list of documents; reasons to enter Donbass national academy of civil engineering and architecture; application form; additional questions; contacts and work schedule of the selection committee for applicants entering the Donbass national academy of civil engineering and architecture.
Key words: vocational guidance, specialty, applicant, questioning.
Anatoliy Dolya, Aleksandr Stukalov, Denis Zherdev
Crushed Stone-Mastic Asphalt Concrete, Modified with Rubber Thermoelastoplast
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper presents the results of research on the physical and mechanical properties of crushed-mastic asphalt concrete of the schma-10 and schma-15 grades, modified with a highly effective modifier-stabilizer – rubber thermoelastoplast (RTEP). The amount of RTEP additive varied from 0.1 to 0.5% of the weight of mineral materials in the crushed stone-mastic mixture. Graphically, the dependencies that determine the effect of the RTEP additive content on water resistance, compressive strength at 50°C, and tensile strength at split at 0°C of crushed-mastic asphalt concrete are presented. Generalizing conclusions about increasing the service life of asphalt concrete coatings when using a complex modifier-stabilizer RTEP in crushed stone-mastic mixtures are formulated.
Key words: rubber thermoelastoplast, crushed stone-mastic asphalt concrete, water resistance, compressive strength, tensile strength at split.
Denis Kovalenko
Cement Composites Modified with Expanding Additives
SEI LPR «Lugansk National Agrarian University»
Abstract. The technological and strength properties of cement composites with expanding additives based on chamotte-kaolin dust and gypsum or chamotte-kaolin dust, gypsum and lime in combination with superplasticizer, silica fume and an additive that reduces shrinkage SRA are investigated in the work. The effect of the modification of cement paste on its spread and the change in its mobility over time was studied. The data on the hardening kinetics of modified cement composites at the age of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days are analyzed. The method of x-ray phase analysis was used to study the effect of modifiers with expanding additives on the processes of hydration of cement stone.
Key words: shrinkage, expanding additives, sulfoaluminate type, aluminate-oxide type, chamotte-kaolin dust, cement composites, cement paste mobility, cement stone strength, x-ray phase analysis.