Sergei Kozhemyaka, Victoriia Mazur, Anna Krupenchenko
Features of the Design and Installation of Monolithic Calcium Sulfate Screeds in Heated Floors
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article analyzes the experience and reveals the features of the design and construction of monolithic calcium sulfate screeds. It is noted that in the domestic building codes for the design and installation of calcium sulfate screeds, there is practically no necessary information for the correct design and installation of such screeds, which in some cases leads to defects during operation. Recommendations on the device of deformation, insulating and shrinkage joints are given. The diagrams of the location of deformation seams are shown, taking into account the minimization of temperature deformations arising during operation. This article is useful not only for designers and manufacturers of works engaged in the development and installation of floors on calcium sulfate screeds, but also for individuals who independently perform repair work at home.
Key words: calcium sulfate screeds, delatation joint, insulating joints, shrinkage joints, heated floors.
Valentina Taran, Tatyana Kutsenko, Artem Kharchenko
Workability of Installation of Wall Panels of Large-Panel Buildings
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. When constructing frameless residential buildings, the technological order of installation of precast reinforced concrete structures should be observed. The order of installation of wall panels of large-panel houses depends on the design features of the building system. The article provides a brief description of five wall panel installation schemes for large-panel buildings. In order to select the most technologically workable option, the list of operations of the installation process of reinforced concrete wall structures is considered Three main options for installing wall panels are given, which differ in the type of installation equipment used for temporary fixing and alignment of structures. The operations of slinging, installation, alignment and fixing of wall panels are described. The list of installation equipment for temporary fixing and alignment of wall panels is presented. The order of conveying and installation of elements leads to a change in the list and number of installation tools used for temporary fixing and alignment of panels, which directly affects the labor intensity and duration of construction and installation work.
Key words: precast reinforced concrete wall panels, large-panel houses, labor intensity, installation equipment.
Elena Novitskaya, Anna Krupenchenko
Design and Technology Concepts for the Uncovered Outdoor Playgrounds Laying
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is proved that children develop most harmoniously in conditions when they are not restricted in the process of getting to know the world around them [1, 2, 3, 4]. It is the playground that plays an important role in this. The coverings of children’s outdoor areas should be, first of all, comfortable and safe. The use of modern technologies and materials in the construction of outdoor playgrounds serves to mitigate possible impacts of children when falling, as well as such coatings prevent the formation of holes, puddles and dirt at the exits from slides, under climbing walls, swings, stairs and in other places subject to high loads. However, there are also traditional methods of playgrounds laying that are currently used. In this regard, the design and technology concepts of the uncovered outdoor playgrounds laying are considered, as well as the analysis and classification of factors influencing the choice of the playgrounds laying is performed.
Key words: amenities, playgrounds, synthetic coatings, rubber tiles, factors, design and technology concepts.
Anna Ihno, Andrei Volkov, Aleksey Kosik
Selection of Organizational and Technological Solutions for the Insulation of Reinforced Concrete Water Storage Tanks
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article presents the results of research on organizational and technological methods for insulating the walls of cylindrical water storage tanks. Based on the analysis of regulatory requirements for the calculation and design of thermal insulation of tanks, existing engineering methods, the main factors influencing the choice of thermal insulation structure were determined. A classification of factors influencing the choice of heat-insulating material has been developed. Based on the studies of the characteristics and range of modern heat-insulating materials for tank insulation, a comparative analysis of the cost of materials per 1 m2 was made with the same heat saving indicators. The calculation of labor costs for the process of thermal insulation using technologies that have become most widespread in the practice of thermal insulation of tanks has been carried out, which made it possible to quantify the labor intensity per 100 m2 of insulated area. Characteristic differences in the structure of processes are revealed, which are largely determined by the requirements for the insulated surface, the temperature of the work, and the arrangement of the cover layer for thermal insulation. A comparative analysis of the labor intensity of the complex process of tank insulation, carried out for the most common technologies, helped to identify the most effective methods. The technical and economic indicators of the adopted organizational and technological solutions were obtained when insulating a cylindrical tank D = 24 m, H = 4.8 m by spraying with polyurethane foam, with a total thickness of the heat-insulating layer of 50 mm.
Key words: thermal insulation structure, cover layer, cylindrical tank, energy consumption, labor intensity, cost, technical and economic indicators.
Victoriia Mazur, Victoriia Kiselyova
The Influence Of The Construction Solutions Of The Storage Tank Farm Square Floors On The Technical-Economic Values Of Their Installation, Taking Into Account The Capacity Of The Tank Farms
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. It is established that in the practice of domestic design there are no regulations and recommendations for the installation of floors and enclosure of tank farms, which leads not only to an increase in the cost of their installation, but also to serious environmental pollution in case of of a tanker can leak. The complexity of the selection of a rational construction solution for the storage tank farm square floors is associated not only with the requirements of industrial, fire and process safety, but also with the layout of the tank farm itself, depending on the capacity and location of individual tanker cans and other factors. In the work, the factors were ranked to determine the most important ones. Regression equations were obtained for the selected factors, which allow predicting the labor intensity and cost of work on the installation of storage tank farm square floors, taking into account the volume of the tank farm and the constructive solution of the floor. The necessity of further research is substaintiated.
Key words: tank farm, storage tank farm square floor, construction solution, tank farm capacity, technical-economic values.
Victor Levchenko, Sergii Mashtaler, Andrii Nedorezov, Denis Riabovol,
Irina Chramogina
Basic Indicators of Economic Efficiency of Building Structures
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The most important task at designing work of various construction objects is the solution of optimal method of technical and economical evaluation and consideration of fields and forms of usage of building structures of various materials. In addition, it is necessary to select main criterion and model for reduced expenditures determination considering effect of essential criteria. Selection of particular building structure samples by minimum reduced expenditures taking into account renovation, allocations for depreciation and maintenance works expanses. In this case, the major improvement in capital investment efficiency is provided by the reduction of specific capital outlays per unit power, reduction of formation and mastering of facilities and, consequently, return of investments. Specific capital investments in industrial buildings are largely determined by the cost of structures. The results of technical progress both in the construction industry itself and in related ones have a significant impact on the value of specific capital investments. The article considers the economic bases for determining the effectiveness of building structures.
Key words: efficiency, adjusted investment, profitableness, prime cost.
Рavel Solovej, Anatoly Perevarjuha, Tatyana Morozova
Features of Geodetic Monitoring of Deformations of High-Rise Structures under Test Conditions
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article presents the features of geodetic monitoring for determining the deformations of transmission towers in the tight working space of the test site. The analysis of all advanced modern technologies and instruments used in geodetic monitoring of high-tension transmission tower has been carried out. It is concluded that the least expensive and most effective in determining the deformations of transmission towers during testing is the remote method with the use of reflectorless electronic total stations, and in the absence thereof, the angular method with the use of precision optical theodolites. The technique is considered in detail, and the accuracy calculation of the proposed methods is also performed. The experience of transmission towers testing has shown that the use of GNSS technologies is impossible, since the tower can collapse already in the early stages of testing that will lead to the damage of expensive GPS receivers.
Key words: geodetic monitoring, deformations, measurement technique, transmission towers.
Maria Chayka
Mathematical Model of Aerodynamic Coefficients for Arch Coverings Taking into Account the Height of Buildings and Structures
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper presents a numerical study of the effect of wind flow on a building rectangular in plan with an arch covering, taking into account the geometric parameters required for frameless metal arched structures. Computings are performed by use of the SolidWorks software package. The building under study is placed in the computational domain, which corresponds to a virtual wind tunnel. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (Shear-Stress Transport turbulence model) form the theoretical and methodological background of the study.The paper elaborates the aerodynamic coefficients on the surface of the arch covering of a building and structure, taking into account changes in its height and geometric parameters of the coating, including establishing their main patterns of change. By means of experimental and static modeling, regression models for predicting aerodynamic coefficients are determined for given basic parameters, such as the arched boom (f) and the ratio of the height of the building to the span (h/L).
Key words: arch covering, aerodynamic coefficient, numerical study, regression model.
Volodymyr Vasylev a, Ludmila Gavrilova b, Roman Ignatenko a
Analysis of Nodal Connections of Metal Lattice Tower Supports of Power Transmission Lines
a Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, b LLC «GPC Engineering»
Abstract. In this article, possible options for developing the most economical design of Metal Lattice Tower Supports (MRBO) of power transmission lines at the junction are systematized and investigated. Most of the operated overhead lines have significantly exceeded the service life planned during their design and construction. Therefore, the urgent problem of maintaining trouble-free operation is the repair and replacement of individual MRBOs within the overhead line. The article defines the significant design factors for the delivery, assembly, installation and operation of MRBO structures, taking into account design limitations and manufacturing technology requirements. The systematization, research and analysis of the junctions of the supports were made, taking into account significant factors, especially the type of bolted connections. The option of developing a more economical design with the transition from a single-bolt connection of elements to a two-bolt connection is considered, which makes it possible to reduce the total mass of the structure by 8…12 %. Based on the results of the work, an album of nodes was compiled.
Key words: overhead power line (OPL), metal support, support shaft elements, support junctions.
Tamara Chernysheva, Antonina Truskalova, Julia Gimatutdinova,
Stanislav Besschastnyj
Development of Effective Noise Protection Measures at the Stage of Buildings Design
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. In recent times there has been a tendency to compact buildings in cities, large shopping, cultural, entertainment and administrative complexes placement at the minimum permissible distances from residential buildings. Constant «noise pollution» has become a real disaster for residents of modern cities. Noise is a cause of stress, increases fatigability and reduces performance efficacy. Noise attenuation at the source of its occurrence is the most radical way to deal with it. However, measures to reduce the noise of machines, mechanisms and equipment need to be developed already at the design stage. The article discusses the issues of noise protection of ventilation equipment installed on building coverings. Numerical studies of sound pressure levels in the surrounding residential area from the ventilation systems equipment provided by the project were carried out. Effective noise protection measures to ensure regulatory requirements for noise level at the stage of a residential building designing are proposed.
Key words: noise, ventilation, octave, sound pressure level, screen, residential area.