Anastasiia Egorova a, Volodymyr Mushchanov b
Analysis of the Features of the Stress-Strain State of the Frame Tent Coating in the Calculation in Linear and Non-Linear Stages
a Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, b Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The object of research is a definition of the rational geometry of the long-span frame tent cover over stadium tribunes. Stadium is multifunctional with a capacity of 20 000 spectators. The coating frame is a structural plate supported by V-shaped pylon and a guy system. Two layers of fiberglass-based on polytetrafluoroethylene are used as protecting layers. In the proсess of research, rationalization of the geometry of a structural plate is done by using the method of reverse bending in several iterations to define outline of the plate. Moreover, in the article comparative analysis of the stress-strain state of load-bearing structural elements in linear and non-linear stages is preformed under the influence of the basic load combinations. The problem in a non-linear stage is solved by the finite element method using the Newton-Raphson method. Research completed using Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis.
Key words: long-span structures, structural structures, frame tent structures, SSS, nonlinearity, CAD, reverse bend.
Dmitry Mikhailov, Sergey Korobkov
Simulation of the Hardening Process of Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Structures in the Elcut Pro Software Package
Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building
Abstract. This article discusses the simulation of heating a monolithic tape grill with the help of heating insulated wires in the ELCUT Pro 6.3 software and computer complex and the WinConcret add-in. This type of concrete heating is used at the facility under construction a multi-storey residential complex «Scarlet Sails» at the address: «Severny microdistrict» in a rural village in the Tomsk region. In the Elcut Pro software and computer complex with the WinConcret add-in, the initial parameters were applied to the object under construction. As a result of the calculation, an analysis of the temperature fields in the section of the monolithic tape grillage was performed, as well as graphs of the dependence of temperature on time and graphs of the dependence of strength on the time of heating were constructed. It was found that when concrete is heated using heating insulated wires, thermal energy is distributed more evenly over the entire cross-section of the grillage, this leads to an increase in the set of strength of the entire structure.
Key words: computer simulation, concrete, heating insulated wires, winter time.
Irina Vasilyeva, Darya Nemova, Nikolay Vatin
Reducing Energy Consumption of Buildings with a Double-Skin Facade Design
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Abstract. The growing number of high-rise buildings with enclosing structures made of glass is growing rapidly every year, so the task of energy conservation is becoming more and more urgent. The innovative double-skin facade system has proven to be energy-efficient. It helps to significantly reduce the energy load of the building. The article presents a systematization of reducing energy loads when using this system, depending on the type of climate. The paper also presents the dependence of changes in energy loads on the width of the inter-circuit space (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 m) and on the height of the building (8, 168, 340 m).
Key words: double-skin facade, translucent structure, enclosing structure, facade system, air gap, energy consumption, climate conditions.
Sergey Mezheritsky, Tatyana Lukyanova
Bio-Drainage in the Landscape Architecture of Donbass: Benefits + Beauty
SEI HPE LPR «Lugansk National University V. Dahl»
Abstract. The article describes the landscaping method for the purpose of bio-drainage for flooded areas of Donbass. Biological drainage is aimed at solving such urgent problems as lowering groundwater levels, combating soil salinization in wetlands and flooded areas, obtaining wood for commercial use, reviving waste land plots and their effective use, combating mosquitoes, improving the general environmental situation in the region . The historical and modern experience of applying bio-drainage for landscaping and drainage of territories is described, an overview of local tree species with the best transpiration properties is given, and the economic and aesthetic effect of this method is estimated. The data of modern research in the described area are presented, the literature on the topic of the article is analyzed.
Key words: bio-drainage, landscaping, ground water, flooding, transpiration, drainage.
Anton Tanasoglo, Sergii Bakayev, Serafim Fomenko, Anatoly Orzhekhovsky, Lyudmila Kozlova
Investigation of Emergency Tension of Electrical Carrying Conductors of Overhead Power Line Supports
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The purpose of the paper is the development of the numerical and analytical method of problem solution of the conductor tension determination after its breakage. The solution of the problem is realized in software package MS «Excel». The model section of the overhead power line (OPL) – an anchor site. The conductor breakage is simulated in turn in each of eleven spans. The supports are considered to be the components of the whole structural system of the electrical network. The flexibility of the OPL supports has been given consideration. It was established that flexible supports get out of plumb of the remained conductor because of its tension and to the suspension point displacement after an insulator string deviation there is also the support sag. On the basis of the design and integration of the results, the relationship of the reduced tension value of the amount of the following spans of the anchor section with the remained conductor has been determined. The amount of spans necessary for finding of the maximum reduced tension value has been revealed.
Key words: overhead power line, reduced tension, three-dimensional model, OPL support, set system of equations, design loads.
Pavel Solovej, Anatoly Perevarjuha, Oksana Voloshchuk, Vladislav Olenin
Advanced Wire Gauge
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. A modified device for controlling the size and arrow of the wire sagging of power lines is proposed, developed on the basis of a laser range finder in combination with a penta prism attachment mounted on the telescope lens of optical technical theodolites. A detailed description of the design of the device and the technology for determining the parameters of the wires are made. The main difference between the proposed device and the previous design is that in order to reduce the time for combining sight and laser beams, the penta prism nozzle and the laser range finder are combined in one unit, which greatly simplified the work with the device and increased work productivity. Performed geometric modeling of the observation conditions showed that the proposed device provides the necessary accuracy in determining the dimensions and arrows of the wire sag and can be used in production.
Key words: geodetic device, size and sag, measurement procedure.
Oleg Pshenichnyh
Deformation and Strength Characteristics of Dispersed-Reinforced Asphalt Concrete
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article discusses the physicomechanical properties of dispersion-reinforced asphalt concrete with chrysotile and synthetic reinforcing fibers. The main advantages of using dispersed asphalt concrete fiber reinforcement are described. The advantages of dispersed reinforcement with chrysotile fibers from a technological point of view are considered. It has been established that dispersed reinforcement of asphalt concrete with chrysotile fibers leads to a 30 % increase in the compressive strength of asphalt concrete at positive temperatures. When the content of asphalt concrete chrysotile fibers up to 0.3% wt. its water saturation decreases by 20 %, the coefficient of water resistance after prolonged water saturation is 0.93. The analysis of the compressive strength at 500 and 200 °C of dispersed asphalt concrete reinforced with chrysotile and synthetic fibers is carried out.
Key words: asphalt concrete, dispersed reinforcement, chrysotile, synthetic fibers.
Alla Borodinа, Anastasia Goncharova
Formation of the System of Lands of Objects of Electric Network of the City on the Example of Legislation Donetsk People’s Republic
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. This article discusses an important task for the development of a modern city – providing a comfortable and favorable living environment for the population, including the formation of the land system of electric grid facilities. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that one of the most important issues requiring constant improvement is the regulation of land relations in the electricity grid. This is due to the large extent of electric grid facilities, the difference in the right to use them (property, lease, easement), as well as the difficulty of surveying land plots that fall into various categories (agricultural land, industrial land). The authors analyze the latest studies on this issue, special attention is paid to the legislative framework of the Donetsk People’s Republic. The article considers the impact of the Legislation of the Donetsk People’s Republic on the formation of the land system of the city’s electric grid facilities.
Key words: electric power industry, land plot, security zone, easement.
Anatoly Orzhekhovsky, Alexander Mushchanov, Anastasiia Shturmina,
Valeria Shturmina
Optimization of the Design of the Structural Coating of Pipes on a Rectangular Plan
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The paper presents the results of an optimization calculation of two variants of a typical design of a structural coating with dimensions in the plan of 21×30 meters, consisting of pentahedra. Two implementation options were considered: with a cell of 1.5 and 3 meters. Both options are pivotally supported on a rigid contour. The load is considered to be the dead weight of the structure and snow. The load is reduced to nodal using the area method. The optimization parameters were the height of the structure and the lifting boom. The search for the optimal solution is carried out by the method of deformable Nelder-Mead polyhedron. The target function of the search is the mass of the structure. Optimization calculation is performed in the author’s software package, which is implemented in the programming language MATLAB. A feature of the software complex is the ability to exchange data with the LIRA-CAD automatic design system by means of the output text file.
Key words: structural structures, optimization, boom, mass.
Serafym Fomenko
Methods for Determining the Frequency Characteristics of Statically Indeterminate Systems
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Most elements of real structures and structures are systems with distributed parameters. They are systems with an infinite number of degrees of freedom. One of the important tasks of the dynamic calculation of building structures is to determine the spectrum of natural vibration frequencies. Most approximate methods allow you to get only the first frequency of natural oscillations, and does not allow to evaluate the significance of subsequent frequencies. The article discusses algorithms for solving problems on determining the frequencies of small oscillations of a conservative system with several degrees of freedom using known methods (using the Lagrange equations, using general theorems of dynamics, the method of displacement). It is quite accurate that it is possible to determine the frequency characteristics for longitudinal, torsional and bending vibrations of structures using the initial parameter method. An example of solving the problem using the method of initial parameters is given.
Key words: Lagrange equations, initial parameter method, statically indeterminate systems, natural frequency.
Andrey Belukha, Elena Shelikhova
Optimization of Operating Costs at the Stage of Designing Real Estate Objects
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. The article considers the organization of a system for predicting operating costs at the design stage of real estate objects, which is a necessary condition for effective spending of financial resources on capital and current repairs. On the example of designing monolithic coal bunkers, the indicators of the influence of the chosen construction technology on the subsequent level of operating costs during the entire period of operation are considered. Based on the analysis and generalization of data on the construction of monolithic reinforced concrete bunkers, groups of factors that change the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the construction process and the initial cost of the object were determined. The analysis showed that the factors influencing the complexity and the cost of construction of the hopper, in order of importance can be arranged in the following sequence: the height of the hopper; the width of the cross section of the hopper; the wall thickness of the hopper; the concrete used for the construction of the bunker.
Key words: operating costs, maintenance, construction technology, labor intensity of work, cost of construction.
Elena Novitskaya
Determining the Wind Flow Speed on the Surface of the Building Wall of the Indoor Pool
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. Currently, studies of wind exposure are one of the most pressing issues in the design of buildings. To analyze the wind impact on a building, there are various ways to determine the aerodynamic parameters. The paper analyzes the wind effect on the building of the indoor pool to determine the pressure and wind speed on the surface of the building envelope in order to calculate the air speed in the ventilated layer when installing the internal heat conservation insulation contour in the bathroom of the indoor pool building. Numerical modeling of the wind impact on the building was performed using the SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation software package. A comparison of the obtained results with the calculation according to DBN B.1.2-2:2006 «Loads and impacts. Design Standards».
Key words: indoor pool buildings, envelopes structures, internal heat conservation insulation contour, wind exposure, air velocity.
Zlata Udovichenko, Yana Smirnova
Safe Operation of Domestic Gas Supply Systems
Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. This article discusses the current problems of the safe operation of intra-home gas supply systems, analyzes the impact factors that affect the decrease in operational characteristics, identifies the prerequisites for the introduction of new maintenance methods based on the actual reliability parameters of gas consumption facilities. The analysis of the regulatory framework governing the safe and efficient operation of intra-house gas systems. The accident indicators of gas pipelines and gas equipment of buildings for various purposes over the past five years are analyzed, the degree of influence of wear on the house gas equipment and gas pipelines on the level of trouble-free operation and the quality of operation of the house gas supply systems is revealed.
Key words: gas supply, gas equipment, operation, maintenance, reliability, diagnostics.
Edward Borisenko a, Nataliya Korvyakova a, Jaroslav Shazhko a, Оleg Shazhko a, Oksana Sobol b
About Some Features of Mining of Coal Seams in Donetsk-Makeyevsky Coal-Bearing Area
a State Institution «Institute of Physics of Mining Processes», b Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Abstract. When coal plants are closed or preserved, partial or complete inversion of the man-made regime of underground waters takes place, which can lead to catastrophic regional environmental consequences such as flooding of under-worked areas, activation of rock displacement processes, destruction of powerful rock layers. This paper proposes a generalized interpretation of the mechanism of the relationship between the strength characteristics of sandstone layers in the coal-plated C26, which is being worked out by the mines of Donetsk and Makeevka. The results of studies were presented, which allowed to detect the relationship between the parameters of the composition and the structure of the whistle, as well as the analysis of strength as a result of long-term moistening, which leads to brittle destruction, according to the effect of P. A. Rebinder.
Key words: coal bed, whistle, sandstone, Rebinder effect, destruction, seismic phenomena.