Sergei Kozhemyaka, Anna Krupenchenko
Improving the Efficiency of the Floor Arrangement
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The designs and technology of the device of floors are considered. The analysis of possible constructive solutions of the device of floors based on the technology of the device of raised access floors, aimed at improving their operational properties, is given. The analysis of the main operational characteristics of raised access floors of leading manufacturers is carried out. It is noted that modern raised access floors designs allow them to be used for the installation of floors with improved performance characteristics to increase the air noise insulation index and the index of the reduced shock noise level. Improving the manufacturability of the floors in residential and public buildings is achieved through the use of raised access floors structures with additional layers of sound insulation materials. At the same time, the so-called «wet» processes are completely excluded and the deadlines for finishing work are sharply reduced.
Key words: raised access floors, underground space, floor system, sound insulation.
Victoriia Mazur, Victoria Kiseliova
Determination of the Rational Thickness of the Concrete Base of the Floor of the Tank Farms for the Storage of oil and Petroleum Products on Water-Saturated Soils
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The article is devoted to determining the rational thickness of the load-bearing layer of the floor of the tank farms for storing oil and petroleum products on water-saturated soils, taking into account the laying of underground pipelines. The problems of development in the field of designing square floors are determined. The minimum value of the thickness of the concrete base of the square floor has been established on the basis of existing regulatory requirements. With the help of numerical modeling of finite element methods in the Plaxis 3D software package, the state of the soil massif was predicted when the floors of the square were laid on a concrete base with underground laying of pipelines, the displacements (precipitation) of the layers under consideration were determined. The complete displacement of the floors of the square on the site of the tank farm with underground laying of pipelines at a given load is considered. An equation for predicting the rational thickness of the bearing concrete layer is obtained.
Key words: tank farm, square floor, concrete base thickness, displacement (precipitation), Plaxis 3D, water-saturated soil.
Denis Belov, Alexander Aulov
Analysis of Organizational and Technological Solutions for the Installation of a Large-Span Membrane Coating
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. This article discusses methods and measures for the installation of large-span membrane coatings for buildings of various functional purposes. The schematic diagram of operation, device technology and design solutions of the membrane systems under consideration, as well as possible options for technological methods of installation of large-span membrane structures are shown. The list of works and measures necessary for the installation of a large-span membrane coating of the building is given. The stages of the construction of steel membrane coatings using various technologies and means of mechanization are covered in detail. The leading construction machines and special auxiliary means for the production of works are presented. Variants of technologies are given, and an analysis of their technical and economic indicators is carried out to identify the optimal solution for the installation of membrane coatings of large-span industrial and civil buildings for various purposes.
Key words: membrane structures, support contour, sag boom, lining drum, panel, outlet block.
Anatoly Yugov, Stanislav Vetrov
Comparative Analysis of Multi-Storey Buildings Steel Frames Installation Schemes
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. With growth of number of storeys of multy-storey and high-rise buildings and, at the same time, emergence in the construction market of new types and designs of the construction equipment the need for the choice of efficient load-lifting mechanisms for installation of metal designs of a framework increases. Article is devoted to the comparative analysis of two methods of construction of a metal framework of 16 floor residential buildings: step-by-step and large-block, to definition of indicators of their efficiency. For assessment of efficiency of the above-stated options of installation of the main bearing structures the following indicators were accepted: labor costs of enlarging assembly and installation; salary volume; installation terms, choice of assembly devices, definition of the required technical characteristics of assembly cranes, their types and brands. As a result of a research it is established that the bigger efficiency in the parameters stated above characterizes large-block installation.
Key words: high-rise construction, metal frame, element-by-element installation, large-block installation.
Victoriia Mazur, Maria Chayka
Feasibility Study of an Improved Design Solution of Insulated Frameless Vaulted Covering Made of Thin-Walled Cold-Curved Arched Steel Profiles
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The paper analyzes the existing design solutions of insulated frameless vaulted coverings made of thin-walled steel cold-curved arch profiles and the problems arising during their operation. In the cold season, condensation forms on the inner surface of the profile and in the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, which significantly reduces the heat transfer resistance of such structures and leads to an increase in operating costs for heating. In particular, it leads to an acceleration of the corrosion processes of profiles and to a reduction in the service life of both the roofing and the entire building or structure. To solve the removal of condensed moisture, it is proposed to improve the design solution of the vaulted coating insulated by the double arch method by creating a ventilated air layer. The technical and economic assessment of the adopted design solutions of the insulated frameless arched hangar was carried out, on the basis of which the rationality of the application of the proposed improved design solution was justified.
Key words: frameless vaulted coating, heat loss, energy saving, payback period.
Valentina Taran, Tatyana Kutsenko, Maxim Bataron
Analysis of Structural and Technological Solutions for the Construction of Monolithic Floors During the Reconstruction of Frameless Buildings
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The material of the article is based on the theoretical analysis of the experience of the device of voids in monolithic slabs. Monolithic systems are more flexible in comparison with the construction of prefabricated structures and can be used in the repair and reconstruction of various buildings of complex shape in plan and different floor heights. The use of monolithic reinforced concrete makes it possible to optimize the structural and technological solutions of structures and objects. When repairing and reconstructing buildings, it is necessary to analyze the design solutions of monolithic slabs to choose a rational technological method for their construction. In this article, various options for the device of monolithic floors are considered and their comparative analysis is given according to the main technological criteria: material intensity and labor intensity. The general technological process of the device of monolithic slabs with voids in the construction of frameless buildings is presented. The description of the voids is given taking into account their shape, size, material, which allows you to make a decision on the choice of the overlap device during the reconstruction of the building.
Key words: monolithic overlap, voids, reconstruction, material consumption, labor intensity.
Elena Novitskaya, Anna Svayshenko
Technical and Economic Comparison of Structural and Technological Solutions for the Interior Wall Decoration of Multi-Storey Residential Buildings
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. In modern conditions, finishing works make up most of the total volume of construction work. Finishing works are the final stage in the construction of buildings and structures, the purpose of which is to give the building and premises a finished aesthetic appearance. Finishing wall coverings protect structures from moisture, corrosion, mechanical destructive effects, etc. They can also change the acoustic properties of the premises, their insolation and air exchange, give the premises a modern, original and individual look. There are a large number of modern finishing materials that differ both in performance and cost. Depending on the applied finishing materials and structures, technologies of interior decoration are selected.In this regard, the structural and technological solutions of the device of interior wall decoration of multi-storey residential buildings are considered, and a technical and economic comparison of existing technological solutions of the device of interior decoration is performed.
Key words: multi-storey residential buildings, interior wall decoration, structural and technological solutions, technical and economic comparison.
Valentina Taran, Anna Ihno, Nikolay Vashchenok
Construction of Steel-Reinforced Concrete Columns in the Construction of Frame-Monolithic Multi-Storey Buildings
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The analysis of structural and technological solutions of the experience of erecting vertical structures in frame-monolithic buildings made it possible to determine the main directions for the formation and selection of rational organizational and technological solutions for the construction of buildings using steel-reinforced concrete. A brief description of the technological operations performed during the construction of steel-reinforced concrete columns is presented. The sequence of technological operations for the construction of columns is described, depending on their cross-section and the formwork systems used. To identify the most effective option for the construction of steel-reinforced concrete columns, a calculation was performed and data on material consumption were presented. Comparative indicators on the complexity of the construction of vertical load-bearing structures in frame-monolithic buildings are given. The sequence of operations and methods of their execution directly affects the labor intensity, material intensity, duration and cost of construction and installation work.
Key words: reinforcement, concrete, steel-reinforced concrete structures, formwork, column, joint, manufacturability.
Anatoliy Yugov, Anastasia Tomchik
Technology and Organization of Work in Strengthening Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Pylons
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. In the last decades the development and implementation of projects of capital repairs, reconstruction and restoration of structures of buildings and constructions after destructions as a result of fighting became one of the main activities of the construction industry. The solution of the specified tasks demands development of effective constructive and technology solutions taking into account real conditions of performance of work. This article considers poles as vertical structural elements of buildings, marks out advantages of poles before wall designs. The need for restoration and strengthening of designs resulting from contributing factors is considered. Article provides practical information on diagnostics and reconstruction of the damaged reinforced concrete poles that is important aspect in the field of construction and reconstruction and also considers ways of strengthening and restoration of vertical reinforced concrete structures.
Key words: reinforcement, restoration, column, pylon, vertical reinforced concrete structures, cladding, bracing, concrete overlay.
Pavel Solovej, Anatoly Perevarjuha, Alina Belova
Features of Geodetic Monitoring of Deformations of High-Rise Structures under Test Conditions
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The article presents a methodology for complex geodetic monitoring of the geometric parameters of crane tracks, including the tilt of columns in difficult operating conditions of industrial enterprises. It has been established that the deformation process in a single interdependent system «columns – beams – crane tracks – cranes – trusses» requires comprehensive geodetic monitoring of the geometric parameters of all elements of the system. This will allow early identification of unacceptable subsidence and tilting of columns, displacement of beams, horizontal and vertical deformations of crane tracks, horizontal and vertical distortions of crane running wheels and take measures to prevent possible damage through timely repair of each element of the system. Formulas are given for calculating the longitudinal and transverse rolls of columns, the distances between the axes of the rails, the eccentricities of the rail and beam, as well as the deviations of the rails from a straight line.
Key words: geodetic monitoring of geometric parameters of columns and crane tracks of overhead cranes.
Michail Lobov, Tatyana Morozova, Oksana Voloshchuk
Inverstigation of the Accuracy of Vertical Projection During the Construction and Operation of High-Rise Buildings and Tower Structures
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The construction of complex and unique buildings and structures requires reliable geodetic support. Multi-storey prefabricated and monolithic buildings are characterized by increased requirements for the accuracy of construction and installation work. One of the developing areas of geodetic monitoring is diagnostics of high-rise buildings and tower structures, both at the construction stage and during subsequent operation. The well-known and developed new methods and techniques of monitoring based on the capabilities of modern geodetic instruments. The article provides an analysis of the foreign experience of geodetic monitoring and research of the accuracy of vertical projection in the construction and operation of high-rise buildings and tower structures. A method for determining the roll of a building under construction is proposed. The algorithm for calculating the accuracy of the transmission of the reference distance to the installation horizon is considered and the reliability of the proposed method of vertical projection in cramped conditions of construction sites is analyzed.
Key words: vertical projection, non-verticality of monolithic buildings, calculation of the accuracy of geodetic works, the method of determining the roll of the structure.
Tatyana Lutskо, Evgeny Pavlov, Oksana Blindovskaya, Kirill Dranev, Danil Telegin
Evaluation of the Economic Efficiency of Bridge Cranes
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. The article analyzes the influence of various indicators on the economic efficiency of bridge cranes. The correlation modeling method was used to estimate the cost of bridge cranes. Analytical dependences describing the theoretical regression lines of the cost of bridge cranes on their load capacity in the form of linear, power and quadratic functions, as well as a parabolic polynomial of the 3rd degree are determined. It is established that the square trinomial describes the statistical relationship between the cost and the lifting capacity of cranes with a sufficiently high approximation. Annual economic effects for bridge cranes KM-12.5, KM-16, KM-20/5, KM-32/5 and KM-50/12.5 are analyzed. The greatest economic effect was at the crane KM-50/12.5. It is established that the most significant impact on the increase in the economic effect of the crane is its productivity, as well as current costs have an equally important impact.
Key words: correlation, bridge crane, method, evaluation, parameter, performance, cost, efficiency.
Victor Levchenko, Andrei Volkov, Evgeniy Dmitrenko, Aleksandr Khramogin
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Efficiency of Reinforced Concrete Structures in the Construction of Industrial Facilities
FSBEI HE «Donbas National Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture»
Abstract. In modern conditions, the typology of buildings and structures, their space-planning solutions are directly related to the features of the design solution and construction methods. In this regard, a set of problems are associated with the synthesis of architectural and structural solutions for industrial buildings are of particular importance for the development of industrial construction. The design of reinforced concrete structures is traditionally based on three components: design, optimization of construction costs and initial quality. According to research institutes, approximately 25 % of the total number of structures made of reinforced concrete, are in aggressive environments and a quarter of those are operated in a slightly aggressive environment, where, as a rule, protection against corrosion is not provided, i.e. durability of the structures must be ensured at their own cost. The development of planning and design solutions for buildings with large spans and large grids of columns, large-sized enclosing structures and aggregated engineering equipment should be given as the priority in industrial construction. New types of buildings for various purposes should ensure a reduction in time of construction, in the cost and labor intensity, in the operating costs, and an increase in the architectural qualities and compliance with environmental protection requirements.
Key words: efficiency, optimization, unification, factors.